Conflict sandbox

Sahel

UCDP organized-violence events in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger. The window starts on 1 January 2022.

These pages read public datasets. They are not a forecast or an instruction to fight. UCDP fatality figures are that source's low, best, and high estimates. An injury count is shown when a named source publishes one, including OHCHR for Ukraine and the Gaza Ministry of Health figures cited by OCHA. A missing line means that source published no number. ARC Warning is not an emergency service.

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Window 2022-01-01 through 2026-08-31. Snapshot retrieved 2026-10-11. Days after the dataset end are not filled in.

Three countries are added together only in the fatality chart, and each UNHCR origin stays on its own row.

Yearly totals in this window

Low and high are sums of UCDP’s per-event low and high. On some days those three numbers do not sort. They are still the published figures. Injured: not in this source. Published months run from January–August 2026. Later months are not in these files. The total is not scaled.UCDP candidate files read: v26.0.1 (GEDEvent_v26_0_1.csv), 1,727 event rows, through 2026-02-05; v26.0.2 (GEDEvent_v26_0_2.csv), 1,298 event rows, through 2026-03-11; v26.0.3 (GEDEvent_v26_0_3.csv), 1,787 event rows, through 2026-04-09; v26.0.4 (GEDEvent_v26_0_4.csv), 1,675 event rows, through 2026-05-13; v26.0.5 (GEDEvent_v26_0_5.csv), 1,686 event rows, through 2026-06-06; v26.0.6 (GEDEvent_v26_0_6.csv), 1,795 event rows, through 2026-07-08; v26.0.7 (GEDEvent_v26_0_7.csv), 1,828 event rows, through 2026-08-04; v26.0.8 (GEDEvent_v26_0_8.csv), 1,806 event rows, through 2026-09-10. ACLED has not been refreshed. No figure was added. Chart totals stay the stored snapshot. A missing count is left blank.

Displacement stocks

• Mali, 2023: refugees 249,046, internally displaced 354,739, asylum seekers 14,117. UNHCR row
• Mali, 2024: refugees 354,075, internally displaced 360,591, asylum seekers 18,463. UNHCR row
• Mali, 2025: refugees 519,738, internally displaced 414,524, asylum seekers 23,629. UNHCR row
• Burkina Faso, 2023: refugees 54,869, internally displaced 2,062,534, asylum seekers 90,419. UNHCR row
• Burkina Faso, 2024: refugees 150,081, internally displaced 2,062,534, asylum seekers 130,695. UNHCR row
• Burkina Faso, 2025: refugees 351,209, internally displaced 2,062,534, asylum seekers 69,817. UNHCR row
• Niger, 2023: refugees 24,794, internally displaced 335,277, asylum seekers 15,517. UNHCR row
• Niger, 2024: refugees 44,119, internally displaced 507,438, asylum seekers 10,775. UNHCR row
• Niger, 2025: refugees 85,591, internally displaced 459,585, asylum seekers 21,662. UNHCR row

Reported equipment

No visually confirmed equipment catalog is stored for this conflict. That is not a count of zero.

Unit locations are omitted. Nothing on this page is a live order of battle.

Claimed by

No official claim is stored. An empty claim is not a zero.

Control maps

• OCHA: ReliefWeb Mali

  Burkina Faso and Niger have their own ReliefWeb pages. Control polygons are not copied.

• OCHA: ReliefWeb Burkina Faso

  This publisher draws control areas. ARC Warning does not copy those polygons. The link opens the publisher's own map.

• OCHA: ReliefWeb Niger

  This publisher draws control areas. ARC Warning does not copy those polygons. The link opens the publisher's own map.

Mapped events in this snapshot: 7,404. Events left off the map because the source located them only at country level: 53.

Humanitarian organizations

• ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross

  Humanitarian protection and assistance.

• UNHCR: Sahel emergency

  Refugees and displacement.

• OCHA: ReliefWeb Mali

  Situation reports.

• MSF: Médecins Sans Frontières

  Medical humanitarian work.

Sources and method

• Uppsala Conflict Data Program: UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset version 26.1

  Annual GED release. Event dates run through 2025-12-31.

• Uppsala Conflict Data Program: UCDP Candidate Events Dataset GEDEvent_v26_0_8

  Monthly candidate releases GEDEvent_v26_0_1 through GEDEvent_v26_0_8. Each figure links to the candidate file its events came from. An event id kept from a later file replaces the same id in an earlier file.

• UNHCR: Refugee Population Statistics API

  Year-end stocks of refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced people, by origin. Not a fatality count.

• World Bank: Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL)

  National population used only as a scale comparison.

ACLED is not connected. Set ACLED_EMAIL and ACLED_API_KEY. No ACLED figure is shown.

IISS Military Balance public summaries are not copied, because no open figure from IISS was retrieved for this snapshot. The publisher is IISS, The Military Balance.

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